(Vestsi Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Vestsi Akademii Navuk Belarusi) SERIES OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Summary: The main principles, advantages and drawbacks of amino acids extraction from aqueous media using ion exchange resins and ion exchange extractants resulting in pure substances have been discussed.
Soldatov V.S., Kuvaeva Z.I., Bychkova V.A., Vodop'yanova L.A.
Selectivity of ion-exchange extraction of aliphatic amino acids cations by a liquid sulfoextragent. pp. 13--24
Summary: Ion exchange equilibria of cations of neutral aliphatic amino acids (Gly+, Ala+, Val+, Leu+) and H+ ion have been studied on a liquid ion exchanger of a sulfonic type -- a solution of dinonyl naphthalene sulfonic acid in heptane. A difference in selectivity of these cations has been found to be substantially higher than that in the case of sulfostyrene resins. This circumstance creates good prerequisites for the selective extraction of amino acids from mixtures.
Kaputskii F.N., Starobinets G.L., Yurkshtovich T.L., Bychkovskii P.M., Borshchenskaya T.I.
Thermodynamics of a transfer of side radicals of a-amino acids from water to water-ethanol solutions. pp. 24--29
Summary: An additive scheme for description of Gibbs energy (DC0t) of a transfer of side radicals of a-amino acids (AA) from water to water-ethanol media has been considered. This method permits to evaluate separately transfer energy of polar groups and that of hydrophobic parts of radicals and is based on a comparison of DC0t values of a hypothetical AA, a molar volume of which is a mean value of molar volumes of AAs under consideration, and aliphatic hydrocarbon, a molar volume of which is equal to that of the side radical of the hypothetical AA.
Kaputskii F.N., Starobinets G.L., Yurkshtovich T.L., Borshchenskaya T.I., Bychkovskii P.M.
Molecular sorption of aliphatic a-amino acids by monocarboxy cellulose and cationite KB-4p2(H+) from water-ethanol media. pp. 29--34
Summary: Experimental data obtained in study of molecular sorption of four aliphatic a-amino acids (AA) on two carboxyl cation-exchanger -- monocarboxyl cellulose (MCC) and synthetic polyacryl cation-exchanger KB-4p2 (H+) over the all range of changing of the composition of binary water-ethanol mixtures have been described on the theory of stoichiometric localized sorption. The constants of sorption equilibrium (K), limit sorption capacity (K0) interphase distribution constants of AA (Kd) and values of free energy of sorption (DC0t) have been calculated. Values of Kd during AA sorption on MCC are about one order of magnitude higher than these during AA sorption on KB-4p2 (H+) due to the effect of cellulose OH groups.
Trukhacheva T.V., Ermolenko T.M., Gubina L.P., Radyuk V.G., Atrakhimovich N.I., Golovchik I.A., Shkumatov V.M.
L-glutamine acid preparation by fractioning the intracellular water-soluble metabolites of Candida yeast. pp. 35--39
Summary: A composition of intracellular water-soluble metabolites of Candida extracted with water from a biomass at 50--80 °C has been studied. Low mass proteins, amino acids, compounds of nucleic type and flavins have been found in the extract. A scheme of crystalline L-glutamine acid isolation from the extract has been developed.
Nefedov L.I., Maslakova N.D., Tsyrkunov V.M., Chirkin A.A., Kevra M.K., Kurbat N.M., Smirnov V.Yu., Maslakov D.A., Batvinkov N.I., Uglyanitsa K.N., Doroshenko E.M., Fustochkenko B.P., Gorenshtein B.I., Borodinskii A.N., Karaedava L.M., Klimovich I.I., Karavai A.V., Strapko V.P., Karavai N.L.
Amino acids and their derivatives in pathogenesis and treatment of liver pathology. pp. 39--48
Summary: A review is presented of the recent literature data on a role of amino acids and their derivatives in pathogenesis and treatment of liver pathology.
Klemenkova Z.S., Romanova V.S., Tsyryapkin V.A., Kuleshova E.F., Parnes Z.N., Lokshin B.V., Volpin M.E.
Infrared spectra of fullerene derivatives of amino acids and dipeptides. pp. 48--54
Summary: Monoamino acidic and peptide derivatives of fullerene are mostly water soluble compounds and have a number of unique physico-chemical and biological properties. Infrared spectra of some fullerene monoderivatives (amino acids, dipeptides and some of their methyl esters) are substantially differ from these of the initial compounds. Bands of unbonded C60 disappear while a number of new bands appears. This fact evidences that there are amino acid and peptide fragments in fullerene molecule, mostly in zwitterion state.
Kurbat N.M., Nefedov L.I., Kuvaeva Z.I., Kurbat M.N.
Pharmacological properties and application of leucine. pp. 55--62
Summary: A review is presented of the recent literature data on pharmacological properties and application of leucine and its derivatives.
Eismont K.A., Malchik S.S., Maksimovich N.E., Lagodskii Ya.V., Kurbat N.M., Malets V.M., Stankevich P.B.
Effect of leucine on some indices of animal reactivity. pp. 62--66
Summary: An effect of leucine on some indices of animal reactivity has been studied in the case of rabbits and white rats using such methods as thromboelastography, rheography, ECG, calculation of haemoglobin in blood count, a method of acid erythogramms, etc. Leucine after multiple enteral route of administration (daily dose is 100 mg/kg during a month) has been shown to result in a weak hyperthermic action, lymphocytocis, an increase of erythrocytes resistance to acid hemolysis, bradicardia, erythropenia, monocytopenia. The effect is mostly pronounced on 4-5-th week of the experiment. A single intravenous infusion of leucine to white rats (150 mg/kg) causes no effect on indices of central hemodynamics.
Tarasyuk I.V., Kurbat N.M., Matsyuk Ya.R., Abakumov V.Z., Nefedov L.I.
Experimental evaluation of L-leucine effect on humoral immune response. pp. 67--70
Summary: Bolus intragastric administration of L-leucine has been shown to cause a marked stimulating effect on humoral immunity of experimental animals.
Omel'yanchik M.S., Orlova E.N., Kurbat N.M., Shpakov A.I.
Effect of high doses of leucine on animal organism, its reproductive function and prosperity. pp. 70--74
Summary: An effect of high doses of leucine on rats during pregnancy has been studied. No changes have been found in internal organs of animalsto the end of pregnancy, in indices of reproductive function, in fetus of physical development in antenatal and postnatal periods. A conclusion has been made that this amino acid is non toxic.
Zhuk I.G., Nefedov L.I., Lozhko P.M., Smirnov V.Yu., Doroshenko E.M.
Taurine administration in a treatment of the acute pancreatitis. pp. 74--78
Summary: Intraductal injection of taurine during maximal morphological manifestations of the acute experimental pancreatitis substantially decreases amino acid dysbalance and results in pancreatoprotective effect.
Pozdeev V.K.
Correlation between concentrations of biologically active amino acids and taurine in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy. pp. 78--83
Summary: Data on free amino acids content in cerebrospinal fluid and correlations between concentrations of biologically active amino acids (Glu, Asp, Tau, GABA and Gln) at different stages of seizure development permit to understand a neurochemical base of epilepsy pathogenesis. The decrease of taurine content and inactivation of glutamate by amidation seems to play a significant role in seizure development. With increase of glutamate and asparate concentration in interictal period glutamate amidation is accelerated (glutamine concentration increases), taurine and GABA concentration similarly increase. This shows an integrity of compensatory mechanisms in such a period of decease. Immediately before grand mal seizures with low content of Tau and Glu -- Glu amidation decreases while glutamate concentration rises (there are negative correlations between Glu -- Gln and Glu -- GABA). In so doing, the conditions are created promoting seizures appearance. Petit mal is characterised by a decrease of glutamate amidation especially at a low Tau content (correlation dependence between Glu -- Gln and Glu -- Tau is negative). Then high glutamate and asparate level arises leading to neurones excitation and seizure appearance. Such disturbances may be caused by different reasons (heredity disturbances, intoxication, ionising radiation) but a metabolic therapy with taurine (especially with Tau deficit) is always an effective one.
Smirnov V.Yu., Doroshenko E.M., Nefedov L.I., Gorenshtein B.I., Karaedava L.M.
Effects of taurine deficit on formation of a pool of amino acids and their derivatives in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues. pp. 83--92
Summary: Effects of taurine deficit on formation of a pool amino acids and their derivatives in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues have been studied. Additional administration of a taurine transport antagonist -- b-alanine, has been shown to lead to amino acid disbalance and to inhibit glycolysis in peripheral tissues and limiting stages of tricarboxylic acids cycle. When taurine is deficient, a dofamine system function is not changed and serotonine neurotransmitter system. Interrelations between their functions and normal relations between the systems of retarding and exiting neurotransmitters are violated.
Kravchuk Yu.V., Tsyrkunov V.M., Nefedov L.I., Smirnov V.Yu.
Characteristics of free amino acids pool of thrombocytes and erythrocytes in the case of acute and chronic pathology of liver. pp. 92--98
Summary: Thrombocytes and erythrocytes of free amino acids pool in patients with acute HBV-infection against cirrhosis of a mixed aetiology in dynamics have been investigated using highly effective liquid chromatography. A group of healthy subjects served as a control. The results obtained confirmed a high biochemical activity of blood platelet and erythrocyte which affect HIV-infection changing concentration of free amino acids and their derivatives. This fact has a sufficient diagnostic value. A participation of blood platelet in immune response in HIV-infection has been proved and a difference in free amino acid pool formation in acute hepatitis B and cirrhosis of a mixed aetiology has been shown.
Pereverzev V.A., Kubarko A.I., Pereverzeva E.V., Kotov Yu.A., Berezhko T.A.
Effect of a combined administration of serotonin and histamine on mice and rats resistance toward hypoxia of different types. pp. 98--102
Summary: A complex usage of serotonin and histamine and their precursors L-triptophan and L-histidine as well has been shown to result in an increased resistance of mice and rats toward hypoxia of different types such as hypercapnic, hypoxic and tissue one. Medicines based on L-triptophan and L-histidine amino acids show promises as new antihypoxic drugs.
Vismont F.I., Stepanenko Yu.N.
Neurochemical mechanisms of L-arginine antipyretic action during experimental fever. pp. 102--106
Summary: The experiments on rats and rabbits have shown that L-arginine of blood serum and liquor participates in central neurochemical mechanisms of thermoregulation during endotoxine fever, changes chemoreactive properties and increases impulse activity of heat-sensitive neurones of hypotalamus. L-arginine of blood serum and liquor seems to play a certain role as a modulator of the cerebral neurotransmitter systems activity.
Plenina L.V., Khlyustov S.V., Melentovich L.A., Karaseva A.E., Demidchik N.V., Lopatik D.V., Kuvaeva Z.I., Soldatov V.S.
Study of antialcohol effect of a preparation based on glycine. pp. 106--109
Summary: A new complex preparation "Glyan" containing glycine with biogenic components has been created. The preparation has sedative and anti alcohol properties. Experiments with animals have shown that "Glyan" reduces acute alcoholic intoxication, decreases affectation to alcohol and gives a protection effect, a death dose of ethanol decreasing to 20%. The preparation "Glyan" is non toxic.
Plenina L.V., Khlyustov S.V., Babuk L.V., Melentovich L.A., Fedorova N.I., Demidchik N.V., Lopatik D.V., Kuvaeva Z.I., Soldatov V.S., Prokopovich T.M., Pokrovskaya A.I., Mikulich A.V.
Antacid properties of glycine derivatives. pp. 109--114
Summary: A study of specific activity of "Glymal" has shown pronounced antacid activity of the preparation. An experimental therapeutic dose of "Glymal" (2.5 ml/kg) decreases gastric juice volume by 36--39%, increases pH value up to 3.5--3.6, shows a tendency to reduce overall acidity of gastric juice, and inhibits pepsin activity. These indices increase with "Glymal" dose increasing. "Glymal" being introduced into stomach has been shown to reduce a mean square of destructive changes of gastric mucousa in the case of modelling acute ulcer damages by acidified ethanol introduction and model aspirin ulcers, by 65 and 80% respectively.
Semenenya I.N.
Participation of thyroid hormones in disorder of thermoregulation of extremal animals under pyrogenic action. pp. 114--117
Summary: A content of thyroid hormones in blood serum of animals (rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits) has been shown to increase during a febrile phase of hyperthermic response to application of Freund's complete adjuvant containing killed and dried Mycobacterium butyricum. This effect may point to a participation of thyroid hormones in mechanisms of a body temperature rise. During a subfebrile phase of the response a concentration of thyroid hormones in blood of the experimental animals decreases and a role of these hormones in thermogenesis at such a disorder of thermoregulation does not seem to be a factor.
Lashak L.K., Kazhina M.V., Ovchinnikov V.A., Moiseenok A.G.
Effect of beta-carotene, panthenol and A and E vitamins on the enzyme antioxidative system of animal organism. pp. 117--122
Summary: An effect of A and E vitamins, panthenol and beta-carotene on the activity of oxidative enzymes in rat tissues has been studied. The animals were irradiated tree times by a dose of 0.25 Gy one time a week. An increased content of malone dialdehyde (MDA) in liver and brain has been found over the period of investigation (1 h -- 24 h -- 7 days -- 1 month). Catalase activity increases within 1h of irradiation, within 24 h the activity is substantially decreasing, within a week it increases again in the liver of the irradiated rats. Complex of vitamins A and E, panthenol and beta-carotene reduces MDA content in the liver and brain of the irradiated rats and normalises activity of catalase and G-6-phosphatedehydrogenase.
Ledneva O.I., Kazhina M.V., Lashak L.K., Petushok V.G.
Protective effect of thiamine against the toxic action of some drugs. pp. 122--126
Summary: The experiments on intact rast have shown that vinblastin and cyclophosphamide suppress leukopoiesis. A level of leukocytes is reduced by 60% and 53%, respectively. The combined administration of the drugs with thiamine weakens the toxic effect of the medicines under investigation and recovers leukopoiesis as well as activity of enzymes of pentozophosphate path of carbohydrate exchange in blood.
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