(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi) SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Summary: A study was conducted to investigate the lipid composition of separate compartments making interphase cell nuclei of both control triticale seedlings and the seedlings treated with epibrassinolid. The epibrassinolid influence was shown at the level of lipid components of nuclear genome. The protective effect of epibrassinolid on stress-affected plants was demonstrated.
Kutas E. N., Garaninova M. V.
The influence of epibrassinolide, emistim C and cvartasin on the content of photosynthetic pigments in regenerants of Rhododendron L. in vitro. pp. 12--15
Summary: The paper presents the results of experimental research concerning the influence of epibrassinolide, emistim C and cvartasin on the content of photosynthetic pigments (a, b, a + b carotenoids) found in regenerants of four Rhododendron species (Ponticum, Japonicum, Fortunei, Smirnowii) in the aseptic culture. It was revealed that the content of photosynthetic pigments in Rhododendron L. regenerants in vitro depended on the selective action of growth regulators, their concentration in culture medium and plant species affiliation.
Kabusheva I. N., Hetka N. V., Bulko O. P.
Leaf morphological characteristics of medicinally valuable forms of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench in ontogenesis. pp. 16--19
Summary: Six forms with different morphological parameters were selected within generative Echinacea purpurea cultural population. This difference in morphological parameters is accompanied by relevant alterations (these alterations occur at the generative stage of plant development) in the hydroxycinnamic acid accumulation by leaves (hydroxycinnamic acids are known as general medicinal substance). Here, we prove that cell mass and cell quantity per one square millimetre of the initial leaf surface may be used as markers of medicinal value of plants at their early developmental stage.
Khishova O. M., Kuzmichova N. A., Holiak Y. A., Shnipova V. N., Pugach I. V.
The microscopic researches of the rhizomes powdered with roots of Valerianae and Polemonii, grass Leonuri, Crataegi fruits. pp. 20--23
Summary: The microscopic researches of rhizomes powdered with the roots of Valerianae and Polemonii, grass Leonuri, Cratacgi fruits have been carried out. The sizes of particles of raw material are too small for determination of mutual arrangement of tissues, therefore diagnostics should be carried out on cellular elements.
Plaks A. V.
Molecular water transport mechanisms and blocking of osmotic permeability in Nitella cells. pp. 24--29
Summary: The article investigates transmembrane mechanisms of water transport in Nitella cells. Membrane's osmotic permeability is shown to be reversely blocked by mercurial SH-reagents and by Zn2+; the effects of Me2+ proven as membranotropic. The author advances the supposition that aquaporins (water channels) provide the membranes with high water permeability characteristic of plant cells. A through-plasma-membrane transport model and the aquaporins' functional structure model are proposed. The author also shows the possible mechanism of their regulation and their being blocked by heavy metals. The research has provided data to assert that water and ions penetrate the cell by different mechanisms.
Alekseichuk H. N.
The variability of barley seeds (Hordeum vulgare L.) depending on specific density and moisture content. pp. 30--34
Summary: The aim of this work was to investigate the variability of barley seed lots depending on specific density, water relations and cell cycle activation in axes. The normal distribution of seeds with predominance of those with intermediate specific density, moisture content and average value of water uptake was observed. The water relation parameters of germinated seeds varied in the range of 20% among barley seed varieties. However no difference was indicated in the cell cycle activation between axes of germinated seeds.
Goncharik N. N., Volynets A. P., Kinty P. K.
Operation and aftereffect of steroid glycosides under infectious impact on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). pp. 35--39
Summary: We investigate the operation and aftereffect of steroid glycosides on the distribution and degree of virulent impact on summer wheat plants by phytopatogenic mushrooms . It is established that under the influence of steroid glycosides the distribution and degree of the defeat of plants by mushroom infection is essentially reduced, which specifies the possibility of using these technigues for wheat protection from mushroom deseases especially in connection with crop increase and its quality improvement.
Sudnik A. F., Deeva V. P.
Peculiarities of the interaction of fungicides and phytoregulators at the initial stages of ontogenesis of separate barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 40--46
Summary: We show how fungicidal preparation 'vintsit' and plant growth regulators (emistime C, epibrassinolide) interact and influence on the growth of germinal root (prior to visible sprouting process), germinating power of seeds, growth of varieties and isoplasmic barley lines at the initial developmental stages. Phytoregulators reduced differently the negative effect of the fungicide depending on dozes, preparation properties and genotypes.
Urbanovich O. Yu., Dolmatovich T. V., Malishev S. V., Buloichik A. A., Voluevich E. A., Kartel N. A.
Molecular-genetic identification of the highly efficient gene encoding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resistance to leaf rust. pp. 47--49
Summary: Molecular markers were used for the identification of a gene responsible for a high level of wheat somaclone resistance to the Belarusian population of leaf rust. Investigations were pursued in the F2 plant population produced by crossing a leaf rust-susceptible cultivar Chinese Spring and the resistant somaclone 1001. The resistance to a pathogen was shown to be caused by the presence of the Lr9 gene.
Borzyak V. S., Buloichik A. A., Voluevich E. A.
The influence of host plant plasmon on inheritance of resistance wheat gene introduced from rye to brown rust. pp. 50--54
Summary: Reduced transmission frequency of wheat-rye translocation T4BS-4BL-2RL with the brown rust resistance marker gene Lr25 was revealed by analyzing the F2 generation of most of reciprocal hybrids. The hybrids were produced by crossing the resistant line Transec with this translocation and the progenies of three homozygously susceptible plants of common wheat alloplasmic lines with genomes of cultivars Penjamo 62, Siete Cerros and cytoplasms of 6 different cereals species. Normal scheme of segregation (3:1) was observed only in single cases. Along with nuclear genetic background plasmon affected the transmission frequency.
Glushkova I. V., Aksyutik T. V.
Study of radioadaptive response in Drosophila melanogaster at different ooge-nesis stages. pp. 55--58
Summary: We study radioadaptive response in the Canton-S strain of Drosophila melanogaster at different oogenesis stages using the test of dominant lethal mutations (DLM). AR was not revealed at the stages of 14--7 and 7--1 oocytes in the studied Drosophila stock. It is likely to be associated with a genetic constitution of the Drosophila strain under study.
Sheyko I. P., Epishko T. I., Sheyko R. L, Kurak O. P.
The effect of gene RYRI polymorphism on productive qualities of the Belarusian Meaty breed of pigs. pp. 59--62
Summary: DNA-testing of pigs of the Belarusian Meaty breed has been done tostudy RYR1 gene polymorphism. This gene relation to metabolic processes and productive capacity has been revealed. Animals carrying a mutant allele of RYR1 gene (Nn) tended to have lower productivity and carcass meat yield as well as lower indices of metabolic processes and natural boby resistance.
Antipova T. V., Gapeeva T. A., Volotovsky I. D.
The chlorophyll fluorescence spectra for cotyledonous leaves of Nicotiana tabacum with diminished phytocrome A. pp. 63--65
Summary: The changes in low temperature chlorophyll fluorescence spectra (77 K) for transgenic plants with the diminished phytochrome A and wild-type plants have been studied during seedlings development under far - red light (l > 680 nm). The dynamics of these changes has been shown to be in accordance with more rapid formation of the phothosynthetic apparatus in plants with diminished phytochrome A content.
Radyuk M. S., Domanskaya I. N., Homan N. M., Averina N. G.
The influence of benzylaminopurine on the kinetics of chlorophyll accumulation in greening barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare L.). pp. 66--68
Summary: We studied the kinetics of chlorophyll accumulation in the local sites of senescent etiolated barley leaves and the same type of leaves treated with 6-benzylaminopurine. It was shown that the treatment of senescent leaves with 6-benzylaminopurine resulted in the acceleration of chlorophyll accumulation at the early stage of greening, while in the middle of greening this acceleration slowed down. We assumed that benzylaminopurine accelerated the synthesis of pigments and proteins at the early greening, which lead to more rapid exhaustion of senescent leaf resources. Due to photosynthesis this exhaustion ebbed in the end of greening process.
Vezitskii A. Yu.
Efficiency of the transformation of ALA-protochlorophyllide into chlorophyll in greening barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves under the influence of continuous or pulsed light. pp. 69--72
Summary: The author investigates chlorophyll accumulation in etiolated and postetiolated barley seedlings from exogenous 5-ami-nolevulinic acid under continuous (300 Ix) and pulsed (2 ms-long flash + 5 min darkness) light regimes. It was shown that the efficiency of this process in etiolated leaves was identical for both light regimes. At the same time, the chlorophyll increase in postetiolated seedlings in pulsed light was one order of magnitude less than that in continuous light due to exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid. These findings suggest that in phototransformed seedlings the photosynthetic electron transport is the primary source of the reductant which is required to reduce protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllide.
Melnikova N. V., Mokhova S. V., Sukhovitskaya L. A., Romanovets Yu. N.
Introduced rhizobacteria colonize barley roots and interact with the resident microorganisms of rhizoplane. pp. 73--76
Summary: This study demonstrates that the introduced, genetically labelled strains of Enterobacter sp. 5u and Flavobacterium sp. 25 as well as their association stimulate the development of resident diazotroph and phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms, increase the potential activity of nitrogenase and productivity of barley plants.
Dembitskaya I. A.
Toxin-forming ability of mycelial fungi isolated from food-stuffs with preservatives. pp. 77--81
Summary: This study resulted in isolation and identification of mycelial fungi which contaminated ketchups, flavourings, mayonnaises (these three preceding food-stuffs were fabricated from vegetables), birch juice and fruit preserves with sodium benzo-ate or sorbic acid. Dominant species were as follows: P. expansum, P. viridicatum, P. glabrum, Tr. viride, F. moniliforme, F. sambucinum, A. flavus, M. ramannianus, Verticillium sp. Toxin-forming ability of 50 cultures isolated from food-stuffs was investigated. It was demonstrated that 6 cultures (A. flavus, Tr. viride and 3 strains of P. expansum) were able to synthesize mycotoxins that belonged to different structural groups. The synthesis of mycotoxins in P. expansum under surface cultivation on synthetic media and tomato products in the presence of sodium benzoate (0--1.0 mg/g) was analysed. It was shown that the investigated strains produced patulin (up to 290 mg/cm3), roquefortine (up to 8 mg/cm3) and 3.12-dihydroroquefortine. The synthesis of toxins by P. expansum was depressed by sodium benzoate in 0.6 mg/g concentration.
Furik N. N., Perfiliev G. D., Safronenko L. V.
Selection of phagoresistant lactococcus cultures from serum. pp. 82--85
Summary: Starter lactococcus cultures to the amount of 140 were separated from serum obtained by affecting the cheese. We analysed the conservation stability of lactococcus phagoresistance under re-inoculations in milk and storage in dried form. We investigated the complex of properties required for the use of cultures included in the composition of sours for firm cheeses with a low temperature of the second wanning.
Denisova S. I.
The energy balance of phytophage insects during the experimental weakening of fodder plants. pp. 86--91
Summary: The analysis of the energy balance of Lymantria dispar, Chinese Antheraea pernyi and Phalera bucephala caterpillars revealed the following two processes running during the experimental weakening of fodder plants (exposure of the branches to darkness and 90-100% humidity during 72 hours): first, the increase of the energy flow entering caterpillar's organism during 24-hour exposure of the fodder plant; second, energy flow decrease due to the prolongation of the exposure period up to 72 hours. In the first case (24-hour exposure), it takes the minimal amount of fodder energy to build up 1 gram of caterpillar's body mass, while, in the second case (72-hour exposure), the maximal amount of energy is required for that. Thus, at the initial stage of the physiological weakening, the plant trophic properties change in the optimal direction for phytophages.
Kozlo P. G.
Faunistic analysis of mammals (Mammalia) and urgent problems of their study in Belarus. pp. 92--98
Summary: The updated list of mammals found in Belarus is composed taking into consideration species state alterations occurring over the past 40 years, extinction of separate species, new species discovery, evaluation of re-acclimatization and acclimatization results. The affiliation of all species to fauna complex is determined. Urgent tasks as regards to the research and preservation of teriofauna species diversity are outlined.
Moroz M. D., Czachorowski S., Lewandowski K., Giginiak Ju. G.
Fauna of aquatic insects (Insecta: Collembola, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Trichoptera) of the lakes in the Berezinski Biosphere Reserve. pp. 99--103
Summary: The fauna of aquatic insects of the lakes in the Berezinski Biosphere Reserve was studied. The 56 species of them were found to belong to 4 orders: Collembola -- 3 species, Ephemeroptera -- 7 species, Odonata -- 18 species and Trichoptera --28 species. It is concluded that the fauna of aquatic insects is rich and represented by a number of species rare in Belarus and Europe.
Maximova S. L.
The list of Oniscoidea (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscoidea) species occurring in Belarus. pp. 104--106
Summary: The paper contains a list of Oniscoidea species previously undiscovered in Belarus. The data on their biotopic preference and density are presented.
Summary: Using the coloration -method according to M. P. Alexander (1969) we have defined viability of male gametophyts of 4 yew genus species which do not form pollen tubes when sprouted on artificial cultural media.
Koriniak S. I., Belomesytseva D. B.
Pycnidial fungi in coniferous forests of the Minsk elevation. pp. 110--113
Summary: In the vegetation period of 2001 we identified phytopathogenic fungi occurring in coniferous forests of the Minsk elevation. Currently, we identified 45 fungus species from 8 genera living on 26 plant species from 18 families. A five-point scale was used to determine the degree of injury of certain plants. Ascochyta Lib. genus fungi appeared to be the most harmful among other pathogens.
Gordei S. I., Ponyatovskya L. N., Gordei I. A.
Peculiarities relevant to the productivity development of winter rye (Secale cereale L.) male-sterile (MS) lines. pp. 114--116
Summary: We revealed a great diversity of male-sterile (MS) lines of Polish and German breeding (under the conditions of Belarus) in productivity and compatibility degree, as compared to sterility fixers. It was recommended to make an individual plant evaluation at the initial stages of working with the MS lines by selecting promising and highly productive genotypes which would be sufficiently compatible with sterility fixers.
Voitovich A. M., Trusova V. D.
Relationship between the number of alveolar macrophages with micronuclei and incorporated radionuclides in bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus, Sch.). pp. 117--118
Summary: The analysis has revealed the relationship between the 90Sr content in animal body and the number of alveolar macrophages with micronuclei.
Matusevich N. M.
Anatomic peculiarities characterizing the annual stem bark of some Rosaceae family species in connection with their taxonomy. p. 119
Aleksander Potapovich Volynets (To the 70-th Anniversary). pp. 122--123.
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