(Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi)
SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (Vestsi Natsiyanalnai Akademii Navuk Belarusi) SERIES OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Published by The Belaruskaya Navuka Publishing House, Minsk, Republic of Belarus |
Summary: The results of the comparative evaluation of 6 species of genus Potentilla L. accobying mineral composition of overground organs during the phase of mass florescence in conditions of Belarus are shown.
Volynets A. P., Shukanov V. P., Goncharik N. N.
Influence of steroid glycosides on grain productivity and sowing qualities of spring wheat seeds (Triticum Aestivum L.). pp. 10--12
Summary: The paper concerns the study on the attracting capacity of steroid glycosides and determination of their after-effect on sowing qualities of spring wheat as well as the degree of infection by phytopathogenic fungi. The steroid glycosides were shown to exert a stimulating effect on biomass growth and development of generative organs of wheat and to raise grain weight primarily owing to an increase in grain number.
Shaporova Ya. A.
Species diversity of Russulaceae fungi in moss pine forests of the Minsk Region in conditions of recreational influence. pp. 13--16
Summary: Russulaceac fungi participate actively in process of enhancement of mosspine forest stability. Increase in fructification and changes in specific composition of the Russulaceac fungi testifies increase in mycotrophic characteristics of the wood species. This increase provides enhancement of survival of the wood species.
Mlynarchik M. P.
Caryophyllaceae Juss. family in Belarusian flora (taxonomic structure and ecological and phytochorologic peculiarities). pp. 17--19
Summary: Caryophyllaceae Juss. Family was studied. Volume of this family and its taxonomic structure was shown. Chorologic, phytoceenotic, and bioecological analysis of family species was carried out.
Lobov V. P., Yurtaeva N. M.
Callus genesis induction and physiological and cytomorphological characteristics of callus Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni in culture in vitro. pp. 20--23
Summary: As a result of callus genesis induction and obtaining callus lines of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni on media with various phytohormone compositions, a nutrient medium was optimized for Stevia callus culture growth. Some physiological and cytomorphological indices of Stevia callus culture were studied in the dynamics.
Ivanyuk V. G., Aleksandrov O. T., Kalach V. I.
Role of biotic and abiotic environmental factors in pathogenesis of potato Rhizoctoniosis. pp. 24--30
Summary: Plato affection by fungus Rhizoctonia Solani Kuhn in Belams depends on cultivar resistance to the disease, annual weather conditions, soil type, colonization by fungus sclerotium, correct crop rotation, degree of tuber infection by late blight and virus L. pathogens.
Goncharenko G. G.
Genetic structure and variance of the silver fir in Belovezhskaya Pushcha and in other populations of northeast habitat. pp. 31--37
Summary: Seven natural East European populations of the fir Abies alba were investigated by starch gel electrophoresis of isoenzymes. A total of 48 alleles at 22 loci were observed. About 60% of the loci in A. alba were polymorphic and observed and expected average heterozygosity values were 0.126 and 0.130, respectively. Interpopulation genetic diversity was about 4% of the total genetic variance and the level of gene flow was 6.3 and 11.5 migrants per generation. The Nei's genetic distance coefficient ranged from 0.002 to 0.050. It was found that the isolated unique natural population of the silver fir in Byelovezskaya Pushcha has not experienced deep inbreeding so far and its resources are still sufficient for reproducing its gene pool. At the same time, a comparative genetic analysis shows that among the East European A. alba populations, the Byelorussian trees have the most peculiar structure and their gene pool begins to display adverse tendencies.
Polonetskaya L. M., Khotyleva L. V., Sakovich V. I., Panifedova L. M., Burdus V. F., Bogdan V. S.
Diallel analysis of combination capabilities in fiber flax varieties (Linum Usitatissinum Elongata) by productivity and fiber quality. pp. 38--41
Summary: The paper represents the results of combination capabilities estimation in fiber flax varieties (Svetoch, Orshansky 2, K-6, Tomsky 10, Slavny 82, M 12, Vita) by productivity and fiber quality: plant height, technical length, stem weight, fiber weight, fiber yield, linear density, relative breaking load, calculated yarn quality factor, flexibility, and fineness. Donor varieties of high fiber spinning capacity, such as Svetoch and Orshansky 2, were selected. It is advisable to use them as maternal form during hybridization.
Ponyatovskaya L. N., Gordei I. A.
Peculiarities of inheritance of resistance to preharvest grain germination by diploid winter rye (Secale Cereale L.). pp. 42--44
Summary: Hybridological analysis has revealed that resistance of diploid winter rye to preharvesting grain germination in ear is a dominant trait and is controlled by at least 8 genes. Manifestation of this trait depends on external conditions.
Titok V. V.
Bioenergetic processes in ontogenesis of fiber flax (Linum Usitatissinum L.) at heterosis. pp. 45--49
Summary: A comparative analysis of ATP and NADPH2 content in leaves of two varieties and heterotic F1-hybrid of fiber flax was carried out during vegetation. Age dynamics and genotypic peculiarities of bioenergetic process activity in the forms studied were shown. A significant excess of energy metabolism values in F1-hybrid over the parents was revealed at the stages of green seedlings, small spruce, and rapid growth. The stages, which may be the so-called "limiting factors" restricting interaction and activity of individual links of energy metabolism, were revealed in ontogenesis of flax varieties.
Shchetko V. A., Golovneva N. A., Astapovich N. I.
Comparative characteristics of growth activity of certain representatives of genus Bifidobacterium. pp. 50--55
Summary: Comparative study of growth activity of several strains of bifidobacterium (Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. bitium, B. longum, B. breve, B. infantis) on MRS media with lactose and cysteine was carried out. It was shown that all examined strains were characterized by short lag phase (2--3 h) and differed in duration of exponential growth phase. Biomass yield reached 3.6--4.5 mg/ml at CFU value from 6㨾9 to 2㨾10. Strains B. adolescentis and B. breve showed the highest growth rate, biomass accumulation level and acidogenic activity. Distinctions in exoprotein production and electrophoretic spectra of bifidobacterial cell-free cultural liquids were established. The maximal level of extracellular protein was recorded in B. longum and B. bifidum.
Vezitsky A. Yu.
Protochlorophyll formation of exogenous protochlorophyllide and phytol in etiolated rye germs (Secale Cereale L.). pp. 56--58
Summary: Protochlorophyll formation has been studied in etiolated rye (Secale Cereale L.) leaves infiltrated protochlorophyllide or with combination of protochlorophyllide and phytol. It is shown that exogenous phytol equally stimulated the transformation of protochlorophyllide into protochlorophyll. The results give evidence that protochlorophyll may be synthesized by direct fitilation of protochlorophyllide.
Domanskaya I. N., Radyuk M. S.
Efficiency of energy transfer from protochlorophyllide to chlorophyll during growing of etiolated barley leaves (Hordeum Vulgare L.). pp. 59--63
Summary: Energy transfer from protochlorophyllide (resynthesized by repeated darkening) to chlorophyll (Chl) in postetiolated barley leaves of different age was studied. 5-day-old and 7-day-old seeds were different in chlorophyll content, rate of chlorophyll accumulation, number of submembrane EFs-particles, and number of chlorophyll biosynthesis systems. It is shown that the rate of chlorophyll accumulation declines when efficiency of energy transfer from protochloropyllide to chlorophyll increases. This supports an early advanced hypothesis on retroinhibition of chlorophyll synthesis in chloroplast intramembrane particles.
Kalitukho L. N.
Conjugation of photosynthetic pigment synthesis and growth at early stages of triticale development. pp. 64--67
Summary: Accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and growth of two triticale species in which growth differences were determined genetically or induced by exogenous gibberellic acid were studied. The biomass increase and functional efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus at early stades of triticale development were shown to correlate closely with increas of chlorophyll a versus chlorophyll b then with total chlorophyll. The differences were clearest during primary leaf emergence from coleoptile.
Timokhina N. I., Konoplya E. F., Poplyko M. G., Guseva G. F.
Effect of external radiation on population of effectors of cell-mediated lung immunity. pp. 68--72
Summary: The dynamics of morphological and functional state of lung and status of populations of effectors of cell-mediated immunity of the organ after external irradiation in doses 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 Gy was investigated. The nature, accurrence, and course of pathological changes occurred at irradiation in lung tissue depends on a radiation dose and is substantially determined by quantity, type, and degree of effector cell activity.
Lobanok L. M., Antonenko A. N., Suvorova T. A.
Role of NO-mediated mechanisms in serotonin regulation of heart contractive function and coronary flow. pp. 73--76
Summary: Investigation of isolated Langendorff-perfused rat heart has shown that serotonin decreases heart rate and coronary flow and insignificantly increases contractile force. The blokade of NO synthesis (L-NAME, 10-5 M) decreases the negative action of serotonin on the heart rate and coronary flow and modifies effect of the agonist on the heart contractile force.
Malenchenko A. F., Sushko S. N.
Tumorogenesis under combined effect of low doses of ionizing radiation and chemical carcinogen. pp. 77--81
Summary: Studies of dose and time dependences of frequency of adenomas appearing under the combined effect of radiation and urethane applied darin different terms after irradiation have shown that the frequency of tumours is determined both by radiation dose and the time interval between irradiation and application of carcinogenic substance. The data obtained show the period of preservation of the induced damages and non-linearity of the process of tumour-formation under the combined effect of radiation and toxic factors on the organism.
Koteshova N. O., Kulchitsky V. A.
Translocation of gut organisms initiates development of endotoxin tolerance. pp. 82--83
Summary: Penetration of endotoxin from intestine into internal milieu during vertical swinging initiates a complex of defense responses, with tolerance being a decreased response to repetitive endotoxin challenge.
Kraskovsky G. V., Mironova G. I., Manina E. Yu., Rosetskaya S. D., Vaidner L. L.
Protective effect of complex injection of nicotinamide and solcoseryl and implantation of spleen and bone marrow cells in induced oncogenic damages. pp. 84--87
Summary: Complex intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml 2.5% solution of nicotinamide protector 30 min before subcutaneous injection of urethan (1.5 mg/g) and subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml stimulator of nucleoprotein synthesis solcoseryl in 1 h and 5 h after cancerogen and then their single, daily injection during 5 days and intraperitoneal implantation of 50㨾6 syngeneic spleen cells 24 h after urethan in mice of Af line results in the strongest protection from oncogenic damages and induced tumor formation in mice lungs in comparison with administration of these factors separately or implantation of bone marrow cells. The tumor formation decreased 5 times, prevalence of the animals with tumors decreased 1.5 times (up to control level).
Anisimova E. I., Lauzhel G. O., Odintsova T. M.
Association of rodent helminthes and mechanisms of formation in multi-type Polesie ecosystems. pp. 88--91
Summary: 26 species of helminthes are identifieed in 11 species of rodents in the territory of Polessky Radio-Ecological Reserve. The structure of helminth population of rodents and mechanisms of its formation in different ecosystems of Polesie region are investigated. The formation of parasitical associations are influenced by peculiarities of host mastering and presence of helminthes in different biotopes.
Novitsky R. V., Derunkov A. V.
Staphylinidae family (Coleoptera) in structure of nutrition of Bufonidae (Anura, Amphibia). pp. 92--95
Summary: For Belarus and Eastern Poland, Staphylinidae beetles are considered as amphibian victims. Differences in test of Staphylinidae by Morisita index is 0.022. 46 species were recognized. Green toad mainly eats up inhabitants of decayed organic matter (51.7%), other ecological groups are within the limit of 13%. Bufo Bufo eats up epigeobionts on river banks (37.5%), stratobiont in the forest litter (20.3%), as well as anthophils (9.4%) and myrmecophils (1.6%). Length of victims increases as the predators get older.
Savitsky B. P., Tsvirko L. S., Mishaeva N. P.
Ways of infection of the Gomel Region inhabitants by tick-borne encephalitis and issues of disease prevention. pp. 96--98
Summary: Over the past 50 years since the description of the first cases of tick-borne encephalitis in the Gomel Region, the epidemiological situation has changed. The family-and-group disease rate with alimentary way of infection has been replaced with isolated cases with transmissible infection caused by direct stings by tick carriers. Hence, a new method of disease prevention is proposed, based on epidemiological evidence, by injecting lincomycine or similar antiviral preparations to persons who have been exposed to ticks.
Summary: As a micronutrient, selenium has high biological activity in the form of selenium methionine and selenium cysteine, and it is identified in the structure of functionally important selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase and iodothyronine dehydrogenase. Insufficient supply of this microelement with food causes development of selenium deficient pathologic states: endemic cardiomyopathy (Keshan disease), endemic osteoarthrosis (Kashin-Beck disease) as well as an imbalance of the organism antioxidant protect ion. Food supplements of selenium (selenites) has radioprotective properties, weakens the toxic effects of heavy metals, and reduces the risk of some oncological, hormonal, and cardiovascular diseases. The supplements with selenium at a dose of 50 µg/day are recommended for the population of Belarus.
Summary: The research was carried out on influence of brassinosteroid on proteinase and inhibitor systems of seeds of wheat and triticale at various stages of maturing. The study of the dynamics of change in conditions of proteinases and inhibitors under action of brassinosteroid has shown that under its action, activation of inhibitors and proteinases at a stage of dairy and wax ripeness with the subsequent regeneration of their activity at the final stages is observed.
Shalupaev M. P., Yatsyna A. A.
Clonal microreproduction of Arctic bramble (Rubus Arcticus L.). pp. 109--111
Summary: The effect of varying concentrations of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) on the formation and growth of adventive shoots of the Arctic bramble in tissue culture is under investigation. Rootage of the shoots is high in the hormone free medium. The plants adapted successfully for natural growing conditions.
Soroka O. N., Gvozdkova T. S., Zalashko M. V.
Effect of carbon source on growth and generation of carotinoids by club fungi Laetiporus Sulphureus M131. pp. 112--114
Summary: It has been shown that fungus Laetiporus Sulphureus is able to use saccharose, fructose, starch, ethanol, mannitol, glycerol, xylose, and raffinose as carbon source. There is no growth in a medium with saults of acetic and oxalic acids. The most active process of carotenoids generation is in the mediums with glucose, saccharose, and fructose.
Bushma M. I., Legonkova L. F., Zverinsky I. V., Volf S. B., Gelberg I. S.
Activity of enzyme systems of microsomal oxidation and xenobiotic glucoroconjugation in rat and guinea-pig liver. pp. 115--116
Summary: The results of the comparative investigation on activity of systems of microsomal oxidation and xenobiotic glucuroconjugation in rats and guinea pigs indicate considerable interspecific variations. The activity of cytochromes P450 2A2, 2B1, 2C11, and 2E1 in guinea pig liver are higher than the same in rats. The cytochrome-associated reactions of xenobiotic glucuroconjugation catalized by UDP-glucuronyltransferase (more active than in UDP-glucose dehydrogenase of rats) also have higher velocity in guinea pigs. Hepatic cells produce the adequate amounts of endogenous substrate (UDP-glucoronic acid) for such reactions.
Maksimova S. L.
New species of Diplopoda millepedes (Myriapoda,Diplopoda) for Belarus. pp. 117--118
Summary: The paper contains a list of Diplopoda, which have not been noticed before in the territory of Belarus, and data on their biotopic preference are presented.
Yermolaev V. V.
Morphometric variability and similarity of the populations of European grayling Thymallus Thymallus (L.) in Nieman and Vilia basins. p. 119
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