Below are listed the priority directions of the fundamental scientific investigations of the Republic of Belarus worked out by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus on November, 1994, and approved also by the Commission on the Problems of Scientifical-Technological Progress under the Ministers of the Republic of Belarus on March, 1995. A list of priorities covers a wide spectrum of social sciences and the humanities, chemical and geological sciences, physical-mathematical sciences and informational technologies, physical and engineering problems of machine building and power energetics, medicine problems. A considerable scientific potential has already been gained almost in all these priority directions of scientific investigations and further research are being planned.

Look also at A List of Priority Directions of Fundamental Research of the Republic of Belarus for 2002-2005

THE PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

• Laser physics. Problems of generation and application of laser radiation.
• Opto- and microelectronics and information processing.
• Optics and spectroscopy. Investigation of the structure and properties of matter by spectral and luminescence methods.
• Radio physics. Generation of radiowaves, their propagation, reception and processing.
• Physics of elementary particles and atomic nucleuses. The theory of fundamental interactions.
• Physics of plasma and plasma technologies.
• Solid state physics. Foundations of creation of new materials with the special electrical, magnetic, optical, physical-mechanical properties.
• Study of algebraic and differential properties of the basic mathematical structures.
• Methods and algorithms of computational and discrete mathematics: development, analysis, optimization and reflection to architecture of computing systems.
• Informatics. Intelligent processes modeling.

• Heat and mass transfer in capillary-porous bodies, disperse systems, rheological media, turbulent flows and low-temperature plasma.
• Physics, chemistry, mechanics of surface, tribology, technology of reception and processing metal, ceramic and polymer composite materials, e.g. powder, superhard ceramic, diamond-like materials for machine-building, micro- and radioelectronics.
• Essentially new technologies of processing of materials on the basis of high-energy influence (laser, plasma, electron beam, electrical discharge, high-frequency currents, explosion and other).
• Mechanics of machines, reliability and safety of complex technical systems. The theory of designing, test technology on the basis of computer methods of computation and modeling.
• Thermal physics of foundry processes. New technologies of foundry.
• Physical principles and means for diagnostics and non-destructive control of substances, materials, products and technological processes.
• Physical-engineering foundations for development of ecologically clean power energetics, resource- and energy saving, maintenance of nuclear technologies safety in the Republic of Belarus.

• Polymers chemistry. Obtaining , investigation of properties and search of new areas for application of polymer materials.
• Organic synthesis. Development of methods of thin organic synthesis, directed on obtaining the substances with valuable properties.
• Chemistry of inorganic materials, fundamentals of their obtaining and regulation of properties.
• Physical chemistry of disperse systems, colloid-chemical foundations of their obtaining, transformation and application.
• Chemistry of proteins, nuclein acids and low-molecular bioregulators. Structure and functions of biopolymers and low-molecular bioregulators.
• Structure and evolution of earth's crust and problems of complex use of Belarus' depths.
• Genesis and regularities of useful mineral deposits accommodation and prognostic estimation of mineral-raw resources of Belarus.
• Theoretical foundations of functioning and optimization of geoecosystems. Physical chemistry and genesis of solid combustible mineral and problems of their complex processing.

• A biological diversity, dynamics of communities of plants and animals of Belarus; biological resources, foundations of their reproduction, rational use and protection.
• Genetic, physiological-biochemical and photobiological problems of plants productivity and their stability to the adverse factors of environment.
• Scientific foundations of directed synthesis of biologically active compounds and use of microorganisms in an industry, agriculture, medicine and environmental protection.
• Physiological, biochemical, biophysical and genetic foundations of human and animals vital activity.
• Study in the Republic of dynamics of a radioecological situation, caused by accident on the Chernobyl NPP, the behaviour of radionuclides in various ecosystems; an estimation of medical-biological and genetic consequences of radiation and development of ways for reduction of its harmful influence.

• Ancient history of Belarus on the basis of archaeological data.
• National history of Belarus: from roots to modern times.
• Historical geography and cartography of Belarus (creation of the historical atlas).
• Study of Belarusian language at various stages of its development.
• Comparative-historical and structural-typological investigation of languages.
• Sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic studies.
• The Belarusian literature as process of national-spiritual and aesthetic development in modern presentation.
• Cultural heritage of the Belarusian ethnos, its social and spiritual culture, national self-consciousness.
• History of the Belarusian of oral-poetic creativity; the Belarusian folklore as organic and integral part of world culture.
• Urgent problems of a history, preservation of cultural heritage and modern state of the Belarusian art.
• Dynamics of social processes in the conditions of state independence of Belarus: sociological analysis and forecasting.
• Study of a history of a philosophical and political thought of Belarus, revealing the laws of formation of a democratic society.
• Legislative foundations of formation of the Belarusian statehood and democratic society.
• Development of theoretical basis of national model of economy of the Republic of Belarus and mechanism of its regulation.

• Elucidation of the peculiarities of action of the factors of modern ecosystems, the way of life on human health, developing the problems of protection gene reserve of the population of the Republic.
• Revelation of pathogenesis of the basic human diseases.
• Development of essentially new methods of diagnostics, preventive maintenance and treatment of the cardio-vascular, oncological, nervous, endocrine and other diseases.

Source: Bulletin of the Council for Fundamental Research Coordination. No.1. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 1996

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