The content of the relation of property and production factors which is conditioned by the general abstract principle and the functional aim of property relations and the peculiarities of production factors as specific objects of privatization is defined.
The world experience of state regulation in industry is generalized. The conclusion is drawn that formation of financial-and-industrial groups with participation of the Belarusian enterprises in them is one of the most perspective way for development of mechanical engineering and other branches of industry of Belarus.
An analysis of the practice of application of new financial instruments (bills, technologies of "short" money) is made. A conclusion is drawn that new financial instruments contribute to solution of the problem of non-payment, regulate the mass of money and stimulate formation of the market infrastructure.
Suggestions for improvement of organization of state management of socio-economic development of regions are formulated. The main ways of drawing financial resources of separate managerial subjects and the population to solution of regional problems are defined.
The main factors and preconditions of socio-economic rehabilitation of the territories demaged at the result of the Chernobyl atomic power plant catastrophe are defined. The criteria of the rehabilitation process are grounded, its purposes and tasks are defined. The main ways of improvement of the investment policy of the state in relation to the territories damaged at the result of the catastrophe and social protection of population in the conditions of transition to market are formulated.
The ethnocultural history of the most ancient Belarusian population has been investigated, as well as the problems of settling its territory, the Balto-Slavic interaction, and the emergence of the Belarusian ethnos. The social-economic, political, cultural prerequisites to make up the Belarusian people were revealed. The stages and specific character of the Belarusian nation formation, as well as the development of the national self-consciousness, liberation movement were defined. There were analyzed the achievements and difficulties of national and state building in the post-revolutionary period, the tendencies of national and cultural rebirth in Belarus are shown. For the first time, the Belarusian emigration is studied in a complex and comprehensive way.
There has been prepared and published the final part of the collective work "Essays on the Belarusian history. Vol.2" in which there is revealed a difficult path of the Belarusian people beginning with the February revolution of 1917 up to our days. Based on the analysis of novel archive materials, statistical and other sources, and objective approach towards the historical events, there are revealed the processes taking place under the conditions of formation, development and crisis of the soviet social system. The scantily explored episodes of the national movement history, Stalinist repressions, the Belarusian Diaspora are reflected there. The contradictive character of the modern Belarusian society development is also shown.
Conditions and criteria of humanization of different spheres of social life, the role of oxiological approaches to cognition and creativity are shown. The importance of subject's reflexive activity in the process of comprehension of reality, in understanding the social and legal content of such phenomena as freedom, morals and others is revealed. The importance of dynamic functioning and enrichment of the categorial and conceptual apparatus in overcoming stereotypes of thinking, in search of effective ways and means of management of complex natural, scientific and social systems is shown.
On the basis of the history of philosophy and of contemporary Western philosophy the questions of the ontological status, the ontological functions and structures of human consciousness as a component of universum are considered. Difference between the ways of organization of spontaneous (reflexive) experience of consciousness and its specially organized regime of "autonomous" functioning, which aims at objective and rational comprehension of the world is shown. The problem of the philosophical status of the so called "boundary" concepts, such as freedom, freedom and will, autonomy, reason etc., in the treatment of the specificity of human existence is also considered.
A complex study of the processes of historical development of ethical thought in Belarus has been carried out. The peculiarities of formation of different types of moral consciousness in the Middle ages, the epoch of the Renascence, the Enlightenment, and the national rebirth are shown and their classification is given. It is shown that the initial ideal model of everyone's behavior and thinking was given by the moral teaching of Christianity. Numerous forms of morals (corporative, class, party morals) appeared on its basis in the Middle ages, in which there was a compromise between the ideal normativeness and social, class, political pragmatism. And it was only in the new time, at the period of antifeudal democratic movement, that the search for new forms of social, spiritual and cultural life, which would allow to realize the universalism of moral demands, was begun. The conditions of the formation of spiritual values of Belarusian society in the XIII--XV centuries are revealed. It is shown that the formation of moral consciousness at that period was under the influence of the Greek Orthodox and the Roman Catholic churches. The relationship of morals and policy in public consciousness of Belarus in the XVI--XVII centuries is studied and the influence of moral notions on legal norms, fixed in the statutes, state charters and other documents of the Great Lithuanian Princedom is revealed. National peculiarities of the moral consciousness of the Belarusian Renascence of the second half of the XIX-th and the beginning of the XX-th centuries are investigated.
Complex development of the theoretical foundations of labour protection laws, the problem of the improvement of the practice of statistical analysis, of social and legal experimentation and juridical prognostication in the this sphere is carried out. The conclusion about the necessity of development of the principles of local regulation of labour protection problems and about the necessity of a more effective use of people's initiative in the process of legislation and law applications is drawn.
The importance of regular training and instruction of engineers and other technical workers as well as active members of trade unions concerning labour protection problems, involving scientists, technical and sanitary inspectors is shown. The necessity of executive personnel election from top to bottom on the basis of competition and regular attestations of personnel in state organs, economic organizations and scientific, cultural and educational institutions is grounded. The necessity of subordination of managerial staff to representative organs of power, of periodic change of managerial personnel in order to enhance the prestige of the personnel service and strengthen its responsibility for social development of a working collective and prognostication of its membership is shown. The necessity of securing the problem of organization and realization of elections, attestations and competitions in the new Labour Code is also stressed.
The sociological theory of the social development under the extremal situations of crisis's, conflicts and catastrophes is elaborated. The conceptual correction and empirical verification of the applicability of this theory in the different fields of the society: political, social, economic, social and cultural cues in the correlation with the peculiarities of the transitional processes in Belarus under the deep social transitional in the way toward the democracy and market, formation of the independence are carried out.
The mechanism of the motivation and stimulation of the personal and social communities entry to the market system is displayed. The main elements of this mechanism (norms, legitimacy of means, background of the money investments) are analyzed and theoretically comprehended. The objective reasons and subjective factors of the slow entry of Belarus in the market system are shown.
The main tendencies of the creation of the labor force market in Belarus are studied. The deepening of the discrepancy between the demand and supply of the labor force on the labor market as well as the keeping of the wide range of the negative tendencies toward non-prestigious kinds of wide are analyzed. The tendencies of the unemployment growth, distinctive traits of this process under the present social and economic development of Belarus are displayed.
The main tendencies of the development of culture in Belarus, cultural-ethnic and religious-ethnic processes of the personal and social groups identification in the Poland and Belarus boarder regions are investigated by the sociological methods. Distinctive social and social-cultural traits of the resurgence of the Belarusian culture and ethnos in the multinational palette of the development of Belarus' population are displayed.
The tendencies of the development of the academic science under the transitional period are studied. The necessity of the revision of the priorities in the scientific policy in Belarus, the change of the content and forms of social adaptation of science toward the new social and political system (overcoming of militarization, superconcentration of the management and creation of a new system of regulation of science' development) are grounded.
There has been accomplished the working out of the subject "The Belarusian traditional music: Problems of history and theory". The problems of correlation of rite and non-rite song folklore in the Belarusian musical systems, the historic development of traditional music have been investigated. The system correlations of music and ethnographic components in wedding, cristened and obsequial rites have been revealed, the typology of cristened tunes is given, the questions of genesis of the Belarusian non-rite lyric are being shown.
There have been investigated the origins of the Belarusian ethnos, the historic, political, and cultural conditions of the Belarusian ethnic self-consciousness formation and its original forms, the structure, evolution, time, and development of national self-consciousness in modern time, the influence of the political factor and professional culture on the national self-consciousness. There have been also investigated the historic, political, demographic conditions of the Belarusian ethnos development, the changes in social structure, the evolution of social and family way of life during the last three centuries, the formation and development of extractive trades, and their role in economic life of the Belarusians at all the historic stages. The folk technological traditions have been also analyzed, their local peculiarities have been considered. The results of investigation has been published in the monograph entitled "The Belarusians. Vol.1. Industrial and handicraft business".
The bank of data of the first stage of monitoring research of children and teenagers of Belarus on complex morpho-functional program, including the anthropometry, constitutional type, functional parameters, genetic markers, characteristics of psycho-emotional pressure, was created. The preliminary analysis of data has allowed to reveal the shifts in physical development of children from regions of radiation control. Thus the general parameters of physical development have decreased, that is displayed in infringement of harmoniousness, discrepancy of parameters of chest circumference and mass of body and its length. The deficit of body weight at acceleration of growth and maturation testifies about reduction of compensatory opportunities of organism and intensity of adaptive processes. The analysis of demography parameters, important for forecasting of further development of populations testifies about shifts in geno-demographical structure, expressing in decrease of life long, especially in males, prevalence of death rate over birth rate in agricultural regions and in strengthening of processes of ageing of population.
The preparation of a new edition of "The Grammar of the Belarusian language" which is devoted to the description of the grammatical and word-building systems, morphological changes and syntactic peculiarities of the Belarusian language is finished. The work shows the changes that took place in the language during the last decade and describes in detail the main pronunciation rules (facts of assimilation, in particular). Compressed and at the same time full description of phonology may be extremely useful for understanding of the theoretical base of orthography. That is why the work may be considered as a manual as far as phonetics, morphology, morphonology and syntax is concerned. It may serve also as a fundamental basis for creation of different textbooks on the contemporary Belarusian language, for preparing and republication of dictionaries (for example, such as an orphoepic dictionary of word forms). Publication of the Grammar would result in stabilization and normalization of the oral and written forms of the Belarusian language. (In cooperation with the Belarusian State University.)
"The Russian-Belarusian Polytechnic Dictionary" has been prepared. The Dictionary is a purely translation one. It includes vocabulary common for different branches of science and technology. The main terms concerning machine building, metal processing, metallurgy and alike are included in it. The special attention is paid to the newest branches of technology, such as mechanization, radioelectronics, computerizing. The Dictionary may be extremely helpful in scientific and technological investigations, it may be also used by students and teachers of technical and linguistic institutes.
The monograph entitled "The Lexical Landscapes of Belarus. Fauna" was published. In the monograph the first attempt to study the linguistic cards from the "The Lexical Atlas of the Belarusian Dialects" is made. The main facts of the Belarusian dialects grammatical structure and their vocabulary are described. The published "The Lexical Atlas of the Belarusian Dialects. Agriculture" reflects areal distribution of the nominations which are connected with different branches of agriculture. The volume includes 354 linguistic cards which show territorial distribution of the vocabulary of 15 subject groups.
A fundamental study of the history of the Belarusian literature was completed. An attempt has been made in this work to revise methodological bases of the history of national literature in the 20-th century and of spiritual development of the Belarusian people during this period in connection with a new ideological orientation of the society after the proclamation of political and economic independence of the Republic of Belarus and the statement of the task of cultural renascence of the Belarusian people and with a view to get out of existing up to our time dogmatic and sociological vulgarizations in the appreciation of artistic phenomena and to affirm in practice more objective notions, concerning national spiritual values, created by the Belarusian intellectuals in this century.
A new academical The History of the Belarusian Literature of XX Century was prepared. The scientific significance of this work consists in a subsequent development of methodological bases of national literary criticism. This investigation may be used as a scientific and methodological basis to prepare novel manuals and text-books for secondary and higher schools. It'll contribute to raise the literature education in the Republic of Belarus, as well as to develop the national consciousness of all, who study the history of native literature.
The digest entitled "Political parties and public political movements in Belarus" has been published. It includes the documents of 15 political parties being registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Belarus in the period of previous edition of the digest having been published.
Source: "Main Results of Fundamental Research.1995". Eds. A.M.Goncharenko and N.N.Kostyukovich. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 1996
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