The approaches to the working out of the national and governmental model of the economy of the Republic of Belarus have been outlined. The variants of the Republic's external economic strategy have been scientifically grounded.
The general positions of the regulation of development of Belarus's regions (the aims, tasks, principles, means and directions of the regional politics) have been formulated.
The necessity has been grounded to create on the basis of the Academy's research institutes of the technopolises, technoparks and small innovational firms in order to guarantee more effective utilization of the Academy's scientific and technical potential and introduction of the results of the scientific investigations to the production.
A detailed study was made of the history of formation of the Belarusian nationality and nation. The ethno-social processes of the formation and evolution of social-class structure of the Belarusian nationality in the period of feudalism were studied. The formation of cultural union of the Belarusian lands, the intercommunication of Belarus with other regions of the Great Duchy of Lithuania and neighboring countries, the process of formation of the Belarusian language and its functions in the state and social-political life of Belarus and the whole Great Duchy, the ethnical self-consciousness of the Belarusian people were analyzed. The matter of the major endoethnonim of the Belarusians in the XIV--XVII cc., the influence of the historical, political and religious factors on the development of their ethnic self-consciousness are found out. The specific character of the development of culture in the second half of XVII--XVIII cc., the period of economic and political decline of the country, has depicted. There are also shown the development of the Belarusian ethnos under the rule of the Russian empire at the end of serfdom and in the period of the development of the bourgeois society, and the changes in tsarist policy in Belarus in XIX -- begining of XX cc.
The problem of the ethnocultural development of Krivichies and Polochans was investigated. The analysis of the archaeological monuments of the Northern Belarus helped to find out two trends of Slavs' colonization of this region: the third quarter of the I-st c. of o.f. and VIII--IX cc. The conclusion was made that this didn't lead to full Slavisation of inhabitants. Coming into the connection with autochthonic tribes, the Slavs percepted in some degree the cultural-ethnographic peculiarities of aboriginals, the elements of their material culture. It was concluded that as the result of Slavic-Baltic synthesis in VIII--X cc. in Verhny Podvinje and Podneprovie there were formed new East-Slavonic ethnic communities, which are mentioned in the written sources under the name of Krivichy-Polochane, Dregovichy and Radimichy.
On the basis of rich material, based on facts, a complex study was made of the book-printing activity of Franzisk Skaryna. There are analyzed the condition of origin of the Belarusian book-printing. Skaryna's publications and their role in public, political and cultural life, and the influence they made on written language, Belarusian and East-Slavonic book-printing are characterized.
The process of formation and consolidation of serfdom in Belarus, the most rude form of non-economic compulsion of the peasantry in the period of feudalism, was analyzed. There are depicted the socio-economic preconditions and principles, the ways of formation of the class of the serf peasantry, the process of legislative legalization of serfdom and its realization, the main forms of struggle of the peasantry against serfdom.
On the basis of investigation of forms and methods of creative thinking, of the interaction of gnoseological and constructive studies, of creativity and rationality, the inadequacy of the traditional approach of understanding the relation between man and the world, between being and consciousness, characteristic to our philosophy, when qualities, relations, objects and events of the world were understood without their relation to the constructive activity of human consciousness, was shown.
A conception of the Law of the Republic of Belarus 'On the application of atomic energy and radiation protection of the population' has been worked out. It is founded on the principle of creation of a unified legal regime of safe application of atomic energy, which ensures the defense of life and health of man, animals and plants, of the land, its waters, natural resources and other objects of the surroundings against the harmful influence of radiation. According to the existing international practice, the necessity of securing the main principles of a unified State and technical policy in the field of application of atomic energy was founded, including the order of the development of State programs and plans of the application of nuclear energy, of taking decisions about stationing of nuclear objects on the territory of Belarus, of the ensurance of protection of the population and the environment against the dangerous radiation.
The peculiarities, social mechanisms and forms of transition processes from the totalitarian society to the liberal democratic market society have been theoretically comprehended and interpreted. The dynamics of social expectations and political attitudes of different population's groups in Belarus have been done, as well as the distinctive traits of individual social communities interractions in the crisis conditions of transitional type have been generalized. It gives the opportunity to present the corresponding recommendations to the State's legislative and executive authority's bodies.
The motivation peculiarities of socially active personality in the forming market relations has been revealed. It was shown that the lack of social stability and the inflation had been sharply reduced the stimulation role of wages and hampered the forming of the effective socially important motives of the labor activity.
The psychological characteristics of business activities and the indicators of its efficiency have been comprehended. The problems practically determining the real population need in psychological support have been revealed.
The social, demographic and confessional factors of the Belarusian ethnogenesis, the form of ethnic self-consciousness of Belarusians in XIV--XVIII cc., the evolution of their material culture in XIV--XVI and XIX--XX cc., and the development of professional forms of the Belarusian national culture in the XXth century have been analyzed.
The analysis of socio-cultural situation in the development of the Belarusian TV in recent years has been done. The functions, structure and artistic qualities of the main TV programs, the creative work of the leading artists of TV and the peculiarities of contacts with the audience have been analyzed. The problems of cooperation of the Belarusian TV with international TV systems have been also discussed.
The study of the East-Slavonic folklore ties, images and topics of East-Slavonic curing exorcisms and funeral weepings has been carried out. The description of poetic meand for creation of artistic images has been fulfilled. The Belarusian-Polish folklore ties in non-ritual lyrics, historical legends, ritual poetry have been studied. The collective monographs entitled 'The Levels of Common Features of Eastern Slavs Folklore' and 'The Eastern-Slavic Folklore: Dictionary of Scientific and Folk Terminology' have been published.
The first volume of 'Lexical Atlas of the Belarusian Folk Dialects' was published. For the first time on the maps of the volume there was represented the lexis of the subject-thematic groups of the Belarusian dialect language 'Flora and Fauna'. The maps reflect also the peculiarities of phonetics, accentology, word-building and semantics.
For the first time in the Belarusian lexicographic practice the 'Dictionary of Foreign Words' was published, in which there is given an interpretation and is considered the origin of about 5,600 words, borrowed by the Belarusian language from other ones in different periods of time.
The Belarusian poetry of the first half of the XIX century written in Polish was studied. An anthology of the poetry representing near 50 poets artistic heritage of Adam Mickievich's times was compiled. A new conception of the formation of the Belarusian literature, of the duality of Polish and Belarusian languages sources as aesthetic equivalence, determined by particularities of cultural and historical life of the Belarusian people was elaborated. Some tendencies of the Belarusian national Renaissance are shown, as well as a character of the Belarusian mentality is determined in several Polish-language poets of the first half of XIX century that is why they are included in the history of the Belarusian literature. This fact gives an opportunity to estimate correctly a Polish source in the new Belarusian literature.
A study of the problems of historical poetics of the Belarusian literature was completed. The work deals with an analysis of reciprocal relations between idea content and form evolution, particularly, of structure conversions in picturesquess and in poetics in the works of Franzisk Skaryna and the great writers of XIX--XX centuries. An actual, more profound interpretation of Skaryna's heritage shows that the work of our compatriot determined the orientation of East-Slavic Renaissance, which differs from a pragmatic West by its spirituality, succession of not yet dissipated patristic tradition, and by some neoplatonism in its Belarusian expression.
Source: "Main Results of Fundamental Research.1992--1993". Eds. A.M.Goncharenko and N.N.Kostyukovich. Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 1994
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